General Pediatric-related – MCQs 1-10

1. In a retrospective study of the risk of loss of appetite in adolescents taking a specific stimulant agent for the management of ADHD, 7 of 200 patients exposed to the stimulant showed appetite loss compared with 1 of 198 controls (unexposed). Which one of the following choices best reflects the correct odds ratio of developing loss of appetite for the cases compared with the controls?

2. An investigator wants to establish a causal relationship between the use of ceftriaxone in premature neonates and the incidence of kernicterus. Which one of the following study designs is best to use?

3. A 15-year-old boy with a history of exercise induced asthma presents with fever, tachypnea, headache, and myalgia. Which one of the following organisms is most likely to be isolated from this patient?

4. A 16-year-old girl with asthma, a history of ventricular septal defect, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was initially treated with methylphenidate IR, but her ADHD symptoms persisted at home and at school. Her therapy was then changed to methylphenidate OROS (Concerta). The dose was maximized during the next several weeks; however, her symptoms were still not well controlled throughout the day. She and her family report adherence to the treatment regimen. Which of the following is the best recommendation to make regarding the treatment of her ADHD?

5. An 8-month-old, former 36-week gestational age infant with hypoplastic left heart disease is admitted during RSV season for stage II repair of his heart defect. Which one of the following statements is most accurate regarding RSV infection in this patient?

6. A 7-year-old child with absence seizure is having breakthrough episodes on ethosuximide. Which one of the following is the most appropriate alternative therapy?

7. A 6-month-old baby who was born at 24 weeks’ gestation is brought to the clinic in October for a routine checkup and immunizations. Which one of the following is the best recommendation to make regarding this patient’s immunization schedule?

8. Which one of the following is the most accurate statement regarding prophylaxis of bacterial meningitis?

9. Which one of the following is the best assessment of the risk of severe RSV infection and subsequent need for prophylaxis in a female infant born at 30 weeks’ gestation?

10. A physician asks for your recommendation for treatment of a 5-year-old child with his first case of acute otitis media. Which one of the following statements is the best advice at this time?