1. Which of the following is a nominal variable?

2. If you were comparing two treatments for which it is easy to arrive at evaluations of both their costs and consequences in monetary terms. Which method of economic evaluation would be best for comparing them?

3. Dental department's monthly case review revealed 240 records meeting criteria and 150 records did not meet the criteria. In calculating the incidence rate, the denominator is:

4. The dimension of quality performance that is dependent upon evaluation by the recipients and/or observes of care is

5. Goals of public reporting on healthcare quality does not include

6. (FOCUS) performance improvement model is

7. Performance improvement activities should not consider

8. A Quality Council has decided that a Patient Safety Committee needs to be established to oversee the patient safety program. The Quality Council has asked this committee to prepare a patient Safety Plan that would guide the program. A key factor that needs to be considered for the long-term success of the patient safety program is to

9. A quality council has apponted a performance improvement team to reduce medication errors. The team has been meeting for several months and progress has been very slow. Which of the following is the most important factor for the quality council to assess with the team leader?

10. The overall coordinator responsible for the strategic planning process is

11. The practice of setting operating targets for a particular function by selecting the top performance levels, either within or outside an organization is known as

12. An insurance company has contracts with two hospitals. Hospital A is a 240-bed community facility and Hospital B is a 920-bed tertiary care center. It was noted that costs were less at the tertiary care center. From a financial standpoint, the best option for the private insurer is to

13. The concept of "medical home" in managed care is

14. Next to implementing a new plan, a healthcare quality officer is recommended to

15. Baldrige Award's guidelines are not used to

16. What sampling technique involves selecting the medical record of every fifth patient undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) ?

17. Summary statistical reports of quality data

18. When designing the content of a survey obefore implementing a future program, one should consider

19. An outpatient care setting QM/QI program that focuses on the "outcomes" as a measure of treatment effectiveness is difficult to establish because

20. A team approach to assist in problem solving is most useful when:

21. Records show that one surgeon's wound infection rate is 28%. Further examination of which of the following data will provide the most useful information in determining the cause of this surgeon's infection rate?

22. Which of the following are measures of central tendency?

23. The following criteria of a job description should be used to evaluate an employee performance:

24. Re-engineering can most appropriately be viewed as:

25. A case management department regularly monitors the number of inappropriate referrals, the timelines of discharge planning, and the number of days of discharge delays. What additional monitor should be added to evaluate the appropriateness of case management interventions?

26. Reliability of a clinical rating scale involves

27. Replacing retrospective review with concurrent review is an example of

28. A factor critical to the capital decision-making process is:

29. "A measure of the quality of attainment in meeting objectives" is the definition of

30. A medication has been prescribed for one patient for the prophylactic treatment of migraine. Its capacity to improve patient's health status, as dimension of quality or performance, is its

31. Which of the following is the most likely to be a benefit of concurrent ambulatory surgical case review?

32. In describing the spread of data, the range

33. Guidelines for a fall prevention policy should include:

34. Monitoring and evaluating medication administration in order to minimize medical errors is an example of

35. In the continuous quality improvement process, it is determined to increase emphasis on customer satisfaction and outcomes of care, which two dimensions of quality performance must be incorporated into all quality management activities?

36. All of the following are essential to the implementation of an effictive quality improvement project EXCEPT:

37. Practitioner clinical privileging process

38. For a community hospital, patient satisfaction scores demonstrate multiple areas needed for improvement including a need to improve attractiveness of the facility, responsiveness to patient needs, and physician and nursing communication. Based on these results, which of the following would the healthcare quality professional also will be expected to find?

39. Successful continued positive impact of simulation programs depends on all the following actions EXCEPT:

40. Quality leadership, in contrast to management by results, starts with which of the following?

41. A useful strategy in developing effective measure sets for children's healthcare quality can be achieved through

42. Steps to developing a new service or program should occur in the following order:

43. In departmental zero-based budget,

44. A fundamental difference between monitoring product quality and service quality is that

45. A utilization management department of a community hospital has collcted data on the length of stay and readmission rates. When compared to benchmarks, the length of stay rates are found to be higher and readmission rates are lower. Which of the following is the next step?

46. A team of three nurses is found to study the effect of patient education on diabetic patients to improve blood glucose levels. 120 patients have been selected for the survey and divided into two equal groups, A and B. Group A was randomly selected to receive education and group B was kept without intervention. Pre and post tests have been made before and after the end of survey. After three months, the team collected the data and made the necessary analysis to

47. Which of the following IS NOT part of the continuous improvement process through a defined teamwork:

48. When illustrated in a dashboard, quartiles are defines as

49. Percentages of a distribution of values that are equal to or below that number are known as

50. Both Pharmacy and Nursing departments are having difficulty developing an action plan for the management of medication errors. Pharmacy Services claims that Nursing Services causes the majority of the problems related to errors, while Nursing Services states the opposite. The quality professional's role in resolving this problem is to

51. A 67 years old diabetic patient being taught how to self-administer insulin. Which of the following is the best method to assess this patient's understanding of the teaching?

52. Nosocomial infection is

53. A health care facility decided to implement Standard Precautions one year ago, but compliance has been poor. In addition to assessing the cause for poor compliance, the most effective way for the organization to improve compliance?

54. A collaborative team is required to improve the service in the emergency department of a community hospital. What are the essential steps for this team success?

55. Standards of care based on the knowlede and research of recognized experts are known as

56. On performing a financial analysis of a hospital, the following would not be considered direct costs

57. The following tool is used primarily to record patient and practitioner specific data

58. To consider a staff accountable for a certain task, there must be an equal balance between responsibility and

59. The list of materials that are considered hazardous within a healthcare facility is created by:

60. The leader of a quality improvement team needs to deal effectively with a conflict between two units, it is best to appoint which of the following to its membership?

61. Generally, large quality data sets are summarized using

62. The concept of organizational liability is most important to the field of healthcare quality because it holds the organization responsible for

63. The following is non-modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease:

64. RN Lora measured the customer variable "feelings toward quality of provided care" with the categories very satisfied, satisfied, indifferent, dissatisfied, and very dissatisfied. RN Lora was using which the level of measurement?

65. To achieve full compliance with the discontinuation of postoperative antibiotics within 24 hours, the best way is through

66. The following is the First Step to facilitate a change in an organization

67. The process of obtaining, verification, and assessment of the qualifications of a healthcare practitioner to provide patient care or services in a healthcare organization is known as:

68. Clinical microsystems

69. The term "performance" means

70. Physician profiles are reviewed at time of reappointment to

71. An example of hospital external customer is (are)

72. You are doing research on hospital personnel including orderlies, technicians, nurses, pharmacists and doctors. You want to be sure you draw a sample that has cases in each of personnel categories. An appropriate sampling method would be:

73. Which of the following is the fisrt step in the strategic planning process?

74. Which one piece of information is the most usefull to describe the age of population that is served in a vaccination clinic?

75. Two hospitals A&B has recently been merged. After 8 months it has been noted that Hospital A has successfully transitioned their staff to new organization values, while Hospital B is still struggling. Hospital A' success can be best attributed to

76. The following monitor provides patient outcome information:

77. A team has identified a process for improvement, selected examples of best ptactice performers, visited those sites, gathered all necessary data, and compiled the results. The most effective next step for the team is to:

78. _____is accountable for the administration of the prophylactic preoperative dose of antibiotics.

79. Which of the following are managers who assume that the average employee enjoys work, seeks out responsibility, and is self-directed?

80. The following is an example of a "never event" or sentinel event

81. The majority of medication errors in the hospital setting originate in which phase of the medication-use process?

82. External environmental analysis typically includes:

83. When evaluating the components of an existing medication utilization system, priority attention should be given to those steps that:

84. The most effective tool to improve communication between caregivers is known as:

85. If response rates are not within the threshold levels in an ongoing determined process, which of the following statistical methods can be used for quality improvement purpose?

86. The healthcare quality professional is studing and assessing the benefits of introducing an electrical alarming machine to swiftly inform physicians of abnormal and alarming extraordinary lab results. The healthcare quality professional is performing:

87. Patient's personal,demographic and insurance information should occur during:

88. The most common measure describing the degree of variability in a distribution is

89. The term _____ is defined as "Performance probability of the priduct over its intended life and conditions"

90. The best way to facilitate change within a healthcare organization is to

91. All of the following statement about variation in quality management methods are true EXCEPT:

92. Which of the following is NOT associated with the Baldrige Award?

93. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis

94. Meaningful quality process measures must be:

95. Who is responsible for notifying Clinical Engineering of any incoming medical equipment (including loaner, demo and rental) in order to complete an acceptance inspection prior to initial use on a patient?

96. Extent to which a service achieves its intended outcomes in a real world environmen is known as:

97. Compartmentalization of QM/QI activities by department or descipline when incorporating TQM key concepts within an organization is

98. One distenct difference between traditional quality assurance (QA) and quality improvement (QI) is that QI

99. The medical director requested the quality manager to assign a staff member to assist in the development of a quality program for a newly established service. The following staff member is the most appropriate for this project development:

100. Which of the following is an important criterion for evaluating a measure of quality?

101. The measure of the volume of cases in a hospital is known as:

102. Which test is most commonly used to evaluate the reliability of a survey questionnaire?

103. Six Sigma performance improvement model

104. The method of arranging data by listing all available values, and all individuals receiving each value, is called

105. Which is not a critical first step when implementing new program in a hospital:

106. A quality officer is measuring the time it takes a nurse to perform a procedure. This addresses which of the following aspects of care?

107. All of the following are key aspects of quality EXCEPT:

108. Standard deviation is

109. Prior to plotting a line graph, a healthcare quallity staff should first

110. The following table represents two samples of two hospitals lower limb amputation monthly rates per 1,000 diabetic patients aged 60-70 years of age:

In analyzing the above data, it can be concluded that:

111. A measure used to determines, over time, the performance of functions, processes, activities is defined as a/an:

112. A program is developed to evaluate the effectiveness of physicians care in a primary healthcare clinic. Which one of the following indicators may be selected?

113. Healthcare quality professionals can best communicate organizational values through:

114. A cohort study

115. The healthcare risk manager is usually responsible for claims administration. Which of the following is included in this process?

116. What is "iatrogenic illness" ?

117. Some applications of International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code information include:

118. Your community hospital has coordinated with local municipality authority to convert a busy intersection to a roundabout (i.e., traffic circle) to alleviate long standing condestion, but after completion it was realized that large fire trucks cannot fit through the new configuration. This is an example of:

119. P control charts can be used to:

120. The following type pf budgets allocates one major equipment to be purchased in the next year:

121. All of the following are presently components of National Quality Measures for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) EXCEPT:

122. The following process or methodology is performed retrospectivey:

123. A patient was discharged from the operating room when a surgical towel was left in the patient's body. The patient was readmitted for removal of the towel. Which of the following would most likely apply in this situation?

124. An emergency department tracks patient's mean waiting time from arrival to physician assessment. Data is plotted using a run chart. Which of the following shows a true statistical increase in treatment delays?

125. The primary purpose of an emergency preparedness program is to

126. The two major responsibilities of the FDA for both drugs and devices are

127. A quality officer has the responsibility for education and implementation of a continuous quality improvement process. To affect cultural change, administration must

128. The following is used to relate interaction between equipment, methods, and customers

129. The following is the approach when implementing a National patient Safety Goal related to minimizing potential errors in a patient's care, treatment, and services?

130. Lean-Six Sigma is a performance improvement model that

131. Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the front-end of the revenue cycle?

132. You decided to hire a consultant to assess and prepare the hospital for an upcoming accreditation event for the next six months. The most important aspect to consider is the consultant's

133. Measures of central tendency describe

134. Which of the following is the most practical and mandatory element of the process of developing quality measures for use in the healthcare setting?

135. Being a QM Diretor at a 400-bed community medical center, one of your first key issues to determine when evaluating the current organization QM program is

136. What is the initial step taken when developing a new program?

137. When a case manager wants to demonstrate length of stay data that depicts both common cause and special cause variation, which of the following should be used?

138. The leadership style known to motivate employees, and optimizes the introduction of a change in an organization is

139. The operations management transformation process in a hospital is primarily which of the following?

140. Using the table from question (Q-232), What is tha ratio of units wasted to total units typed and cross-matched in July?

141. The "apropriateness" of care can be defines as

142. Published articles information in scientific lournals is set in the following sequence:

143. Tho most effective way for a healthcare quality professional to communicate quality improvement activities to the medical staff is by

144. You are working as the hospital quality healthcare professional, a regulatory person came to your office to monitor selected quality issues in your facility. What is the most appropriate FIRST question you may address to that person?

145. The following are essential functions of an infection control program

146. In the event of a fire staff should follow R.A.C.E. what does that acronym stand for?

147. A time sequences chart displaying plotted values of a statistic, including a center line and statistically determined control limits is a :

148. A Collaborative team is recruited aimed at reducing inappropriate admissions in a community hospital. An ideal senior leader role in the collaborative team should be filled by someone who

149. Research, Quality Assessment and Quality Improvement:

150. The following represents an essential element to an effective quality council:

151. A process that may include recredentialing, reprivileging, profiling, peer review, and reappointment is known as:

152. "Failure free operation over time", can be used to describe which of the following characters of a measuring procedure?

153. To be usedful in preventing future error, a Root Cause Analysis (RCA) should be performed

154. A critically ill patient is admitted and requires a specialized procedure; however, the surgeon does not have privileges at the facility. Which of the following documents will be MOST helpful in identifying the course of action the hospital should take?

155. Your hospital is compaing its current practice with the that of the best facility in the area. This process is called

156. The following best describes an organization's vision statement

157. Joint Comission surveyors review organization's

158. The relationship between patient satisfaction and hours per patient day on a GOB unit was found to be (r=0.70,p < 0.05). What is the correlation between these two values?

159. Four kinds of cost behaviors in cost accounting are:

160. A healthcare quality professional is developing a policy regarding access to physician quality files. In addition to the date and name of the person requesting the information, which of the following should be included in the policy?

161. Of a quality improvement perspective, the most desirable state is when:

162. This individual developed "bar chart" techniques for activity schedualing

163. Hospital mission statement

164. A key Quality Management function of an independent licenced physician practitioner is to

165. In addition to the label on a hazardous chemical container, what other information should you read to understand how to handla a hazardous material?

166. What are "psychic" externalities?

167. Management by quality improvement principles should emphasize the importance of

168. One method used to transfere risk from one party to another is:

169. Potential negative outcomes of a patient fall may include all of the following except

170. A graphic tool used to explore and display all the factors that may influence or cause a given outcome is known as

171. More complex waiting line problems can almost always be handled by:

172. A hospital governing board addressed the quality council to adopt an action plan to reduce patients fall rate in medical/surgical wards. What is the initial step to be taken by the council when developing or modifying a fall prevention program?

173. All of the following are key aspects of quality EXCEPT:

174. In the patient schedualing process, who is not considered a customer?

175. The following statements regarding the back-end of the revenue cycle is TRUE?

176. Using the table from the previous question (Q-232), which aspect of blood utilization would you recommend first for further investigation?

177. The number of C-sections performed in the labour room of a meternity hospital during the last twelve months is 3,5,4,1,2,7,3,3,1,4,3,2. What are the values of n, mean, range, mode, average and median respectively?

178. A repeated out-of-control signal from a process may imply

179. Which of the following are the primary reasons for developing drug formularies?

180. In the course of developing and implementing a Fall Prevention Program, when choosing a pilot unit, the unit should have

181. Obstacles to building a culture of patient safety in healthcare include all of the following EXCEPT:

182. All of the following statement are true EXCEPT:

183. Fall prevention programs should include all of the following EXCEPT:

184. The principale purpose of a management information system is to

185. Based on an identified preliminary data relating to admissions by family practice physicians, the Critical Care QI Team is chartered to improve the admission process to the critical care units. The medical director drafts the performance measures and criteria for data collection. The critical care nurses collect the data, and the quality management department staff aggregates and displays the data for the team. What key step is missing?

186. The following table demonstrates inpatient adverse events data in male internal medicine department in a general hospital for the first three months last year:

What is the percentages of complications of inpatients for the month of March?

187. Benchmark reports of quality data

188. Benchmarking is based on identifying which of the following?

189. A set of binary data collected from a process records could include all of the following EXCEPT:

190. A unique challenge in identifying measures of children's healthcare quality is that

191. In evaluating "long waiting times," a healthcare quality professional best demonstrates components related to staffing, methods, measures, materials, and equipment utilizing a

192. Conclusions from a licensed independent practitioner's profile would most likely be used during

193. The evaluation of the quality and appropriateness of patient care in the radiology department is the responsibility of the

194. Regarding Meta-analysis, all the following statements are True EXCEPT:

195. In order to ensue patient safety as a dimension of performance within a healthcare facility, the most effective way is to

196. A team has been requested to develop a program to prevent patient falls. Which of the following data elements from an incident/occurrence reports would provide the most useful information for the team in evaluating the program's success?

197. Communication has been identified by The Joint Commission (TJC) as a leading cause of medical errors. A staff nurse to safely take a medication order by telephone from a resident physician should

198. A sampling interval of 10 was used to select a sample from a population of 1200. How many elements are to be in the sample?

199. Which of the following is an essential component in a performance improvement report?

200. Clinical pathways and guidelines in hospitals are primarily used to:

201. Trend reports of quality data

202. The objective of adopting a nationwide or global uniformset of discharge data is to

203. The following are reasonable description of variation in process capability EXCEPT:

204. In accordance with FDA Categorization for Medications Safety in Pregnancy, which statement is true?

205. The three entities that are essential to make up hospital manpower structure are

206. According to Joint Commission standards, an organization's safety program must include all of the following EXCEPT:

207. The primary goal of risk management is to:

208. Quality improvement teams are beneficial because they

209. The value in the lean process is determined by

210. While implementing a new plan to improve current infection control procedures organization-wide, staff are expected to become supportive to the plan when the it is linked to

211. Which of the following National Patient Safety Goals is applicable to everyone in a healthcare facility?

212. Health care practitioners can effeciently apply time management techniques through:

213. Two surveys were completed in a healthcare facility that showed conflicting results concerning patient statisfaction with food services. The two surveys were independently designed and distributed by different departments within the facility. The healthcare quality professional should FIRST

214. The following processes is the most cost-effective in preventing unnecessary resource consumption in the hospital:

215. The following is NOT among the roles that pharmacy has in revenue cycle management

216. All of the following criteria are essential in evaluating strengths and weaknesses of an organization's Quality Management program EXCEPT:

217. The following is the best way to determine if a quality improvement initiative is successful

218. In statistical procedures, generalty, as sample size increase

219. _____ is "A group decision-making technique designed to generate a large number of creative ideas through an interactive process".

220. In a hospital setting, a material is considered hazardous if

221. Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is performed:

222. In developing a performance improvement action plan, which of the following tools should be used first?

223. The following has no role in the mark-up cost on pharmaceuticals:

224. A Gantt chart:

225. Quality improvement team outcomes are best evaluated by which of the following?

226. Which one piece of information is the most usefull to describe the age of population that is served in an anticoagulation monitoring service clinic?

227. The following statements are correctly aligned with Disease Management (DM) concept:

228. One of the greatest motivators for employees is :

229. The 1999 report "To Err is Human" by the Institute of Medicine (IOM):

230. The_____ leader makes decisions independently, and strictly enforces rules

231. The following key healthcare issue is more difficult to establish for ambulatory care than for inpateint care:

232. The difference between healthcare dashboards and report cards is that

233. A new plan for Improving Prophylactic Perioperative Antibiotic Utilization is introduced in your Hospital System. A physician champion has been appointed to promote the success of this initiative. The main role of the physician champion is to

234. Cost-Effectiveness

235. Being the QI officer, in order to apply "Reliability science" as a framework for a patient safety initiative, the first recommended step in developing an implementation plan to create a patient safety culture is to

236. The following table illustrates the utilization of blood products during the third quarter in a general hospital:

The percentage of the total number wasted of units typed and cross-matched for September is

237. The sequential and continual nature of the continuous improvement process is illustrated by the PDCA cycle. PDCA stands for:

238. Common cause variation in a specific program is

239. A patient in an acute psychiatric unit commited suicide by hanging himself with his belt. To prevent this from future occuring, the most appropriate action is to institute

240. All the following categories are eligible for the Baldrige Award except:

241. An effective quality improvement plans should have clearly defined

242. Key elements when choosing a fall risk assessment tool include

243. Which of the following sets of data are discret variables?

244. A quality professional can best facilitate the development of a "quality culture" in an organization by

245. The following is a "Picture of the process mapping out each individual step so that each group member can understand how it works"

246. In which area of National Commission on Quality Assurance (NCQA) review do reviewers assess the preventive services, diagnosis, and appropriateness and continuity of care provided to patients?

247. Clinical decision support systems can support medication safety by alerting prescribes to

248. A Quality Council has created a Patient Safety Council. The council is concerned that staff may see this as another program that has been added to their busy scheduales that will eventually go away. The best way for the organization to establish patient safety as an ongoing part of the organization's culture is to

249. All following statements regarding the revenue cycle are true EXCEPT:

250. A facilitator should