Question Banks

A 3 year-old boy is brought to a physician because the mother notices tha t the child is engaging in less active play and tires easily. During physical examination, the pediatrician notices that the child's thighs are larger than normal for age and that the child cannot stand up without using his arms to help. Further studies demonstrate a defective dystrophin gene in the boy. Which of the following people in the child's family is most likely to also have this disease?

A 38-year-old pregnant woman with a past medical history significant for chronic hypertension presents with a blood pressure of 158/105 mm Hg. Which of the following antihypertensive agents would be most suitable for initial therapy in this patient?

A researcher is examining the distribution of an ion channel protein in the kidney. She incubates slices of kidney tissue in a dilute solution of a specific antibody directed against the protein, then uses the immunoperoxidase method to localize the ion channel proteins. She notes the presence of brown pigment in a population of epithelial cells, which on closer examination, have a brush border. The researcher concludes that the protein is probably present in cells of the

A 45-year-old homeless man has a chronic cough, a cavitary lesion of the lung, and is sputum positive for acid-fast bacilli. Which of the following is the principle form of defense by which the patient's body fights this infection?

A 72-year-old male is noted as having a 9-pound weight loss over the past few weeks. His past medical history is significant for oat cell carcinoma of the lung, without known metastases, for which he is currently undergoing treatment. The patient states that even though his wife is preparing his favorite meals, he is not hungry. Which of the following would be the best treatment option to improve his eating habits?

A 57-year-old female is found unconscious on her kitchen floor after having suffered a myocardial infarction. She has pulmonary edema and distended jugular and peripheral veins. A midsystolic gallop is heard upon chest auscultation. EKG shows prominent Q waves in leads II, III, and aVF. Which of the following is most consistent with the patient's condition?

A 10-year-old child is suspected of having pellagra because of chronic symptoms including diarrhea, a red scaly rash, and mild cerebellar ataxia. However, his diet is not deficient in protein and he appears to be ingesting adequate amounts of niacin. A sister has a similar problem. Chemical analysis of his urine demonstrates large amounts of free amino acids. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A research scientist is studying calcium fluxes in cultured cells using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The magnitude of the signal (brightness) is proportional to the strength of the calcium flux. Stimulation of which of the following receptor types would be expected to produce the strongest signal?

A pregnant southeast Asian immigrant presents for prenatal care. Her past medical history is significant for a severe illness 3 years ago characterized by fatigue, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, jaundice, joint pains, and generalized skin lesions that slowly disappeared. She has felt well recently. Which of the following laboratory tests should be ordered to investigate the patient's past illness?

A 29-year-old epileptic sanitation engineer is maintained on primidone. Ultrastructural examination of a liver biopsy reveals increased amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. This change is most closely related to increases in the activity of which of the following?