Question Banks

The cell in the center of the electron micrograph above is important in wound healing and plays a role in the pathological process underlying Dupuytren's contracture. Which of the following cell types is depicted?

During a routine physical examination of a 74-year-old man, a physician palpates a large, pulsating mass in the lower abdomen. To which of the following is this mass most likely etiologically related?

A 43-year-old man is brought to the general medicine clinic by his wife. She states that his memory has progressively deteriorated over the last several years, and that his personality has been changing. On examination, the physician notes abnormal, writhing movements of the man's limbs and hyperreactive patellar reflexes. An MRI of the head reveals a loss of volume in the neostriatum and cortex. A family history reveals that similar symptoms occurred in several members of the patient's family. Which of the following genetic mechanisms has been implicated in this disorder?

While lying supine in bed eating, a child aspirates a peanut. Which of the following bronchopulmonary segments would this foreign object mos t likely enter?

A 35-year-old retarded man with a strong history of mental retardation among male relatives undergoes genetic testing. His lymphocytes are cultured in a medium containing methotrexate and 4% of the metaphase chromosomes in the lymphocytes show a breakpoint at q27.3 on the X chromosome. This man is at increased risk for which of the following cardiovascular disorders?

A patient develops fever, shortness of breath, and appears to be quite ill. X-ray demonstrates bilateral interstitial lung infiltrates. Bronchial washings demonstrate small 'hat-shape' organisms visible on silver stain within alveoli. Which predisposing condition is most likely to be present in this patient?

Researchers are assessing the specificity of a screening procedure for breast cancer in a population of 3000 women whose mothers had the disease. The presence or absence of a malignant condition is established by conventional mammography, which is assumed to be definitive for the purposes of comparison. The following data are collected:

A 33-year-old single mother of two young children visits her physician because of an oral ulcer. A review of systems is significant for fatigue, myalgia, and joint pain. Laboratory results demonstrate leukopenia, and a high-titered antinuclear antibody. A speckled staining pattern due to anti-Sm is seen with immunofluorescence; urinary protein is elevated. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 70-year-old woman with a history of multiple small strokes reports to her physician that she has had multiple recent experiences that something or someone seemed very familiar, when in reality they were not familiar to her. This type of experience is called which of the following?

Careful testing of the visual fields in a patient complaining of difficulty reading demonstrates a central scotoma involving one visual field. This defect is most likely due to a lesion involving which of the following structures?